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GI Tract Medical Term Definitions
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Term
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Definition
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Mouth
Aphtae
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Inflammation of the mucosa creating a small ulcer occurring in groups in the mouth or on the tongue or a condition in which such ulcers can occur
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Cancrum
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A gangrenous inflammation of the mouth usually within the cheek such as cancer
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Difference between cancrum and canker
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A canker is small shallow ulcer or sore whereas a cancrum is more of a necrotic inflammation
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Condylomata of the palate
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A wart produced by a papilloma virus which is usually transmitted by sexual contact. It occurs at a point of minor trauma during oral sex
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Papillae tongue erect
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Paipillae tongue erect is a nipple shaped protrusion of the dermis into the epidermis
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Ranula
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A cyst on the underside of the tongue
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Scorbutic gums
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An abnormal condition charecterised by inflamed or bleeding gums and caused by a vitamin C deficiency
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Stomacace
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Inflammation of the mouth usually within the cheek
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Teeth
Caries
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Destructive process causing decalcification of the tooth enamel and leading to continued destruction of enamel, dentin and cavitation of the tooth
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Clinch
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Closing the teeth and squeezing them tightly together. OR a tendency to
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Grinding
Medical term Bruxism
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The pathological wearing away of tooth substance by mechanical means such as grinding them together on top of each other
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Periostitis
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Inflammation of the periosteum which is the tough fibrous membrane covering the bone
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Sordes
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Brown crusts forming on the lips and teeth where normal oral hygiene is impaired for example during a fever or dehydration
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Caseous deposit on teeth
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A deposit on teeth resembling cheese or curd. A necrotic tissue convertion which can be associated with tuberculosis
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Throat
Hawk Disposition
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A frequent tendency to clear the throat
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Mucus
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The free slime of the mucous membranes. It is composed of secretion of the glands, various salts, desquamated cells and leukocytes
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Varicosis
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A dilated or varicose state of a vein or veins
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Stomach
Heartburn
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A burning sensation in the chest that can extend to the neck, throat and face
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Induration of the walls
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Hardening of tissue. In this case the hardening of the stomach walls
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Waterbrash
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Is characterised by hypersalivation resulting in the regurgitation of sour or almost tasteless fluid into the mouth
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Difference between eructations of water and waterbrash
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Eructations of water is defined as the belching of water from the stomach through the mouth whereas waterbrash is the regurgitating of fluid back into the mouth causing a heartburn sensation
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Abdomen
Ascites
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Fluid within the peritoneum cavity which is the serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity
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Borborygmi
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Sounds coming from the stomach and bowel area caused by wind of fluid
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Flatulence
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Gas causing distention of the gastrointestinal tract resulting in discomfort and passing of wind
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Intussusception
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One bowel section telescoping into another. Medical term – invagination
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Meteorism
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A medical condition in which excess gas accumulates in the gastrointestinal tract. Medical term Tympanites
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Rectum
Cholera
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An acute entiritis caused by the bacterium Vibrio Cholerae associated with faecal contamination in water causing by diarrhoea with severe cramping and vomiting.
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Dysentery
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Acute inflammation of the bowel with the passing of mucus or blood
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Excoriation
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Abrasions of the rectum
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Fissure
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An ulcerated split or cleft
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Fistula
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An abnormal passage connecting two organs
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Pain, tenesmus
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Painful and ineffectual straining
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Stricture
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Contraction or narrowing of a channel
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Stool
Flocculi
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A loose stool that contains watery fluid and contains white flocculi, alson known as rice stool usually associated with cholera or serous diarrhoea
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Lienteric
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Stool with a silvery colour due to a mixture of blood and white fatty stools.
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